7.1 Ethics and Ownership

# Ethics and Ownership

### Ethics

A system of moral principles
That guide behavior
Based on philosophical and religious views
By example, e.g. respectful and considerate behavior.

###### Explain the reasons why the company needs a professional code of conduct.

- To identify what employees can do
- To identify what employees cannot do
- To identify the repercussions of employees performing activities they should not
- To identify the company's/employee's responsibilities
- To identify the company's values/missions
- To identify what behaviour/events/activities can be measured against
- To identify how they will comply with legislation

###### Explain the reasons why it is important that employer acts ethically in relation to her team members.

- To make sure the team members feel valued
- To get the best work out of the team
- To enable them to work well together
- To enable them to create the best product for the client

### Software Engineering Code of Ethics
1 PUBLIC – Software engineers shall act consistently with the public interest (contains 8 sub-clauses).
2 CLIENT AND EMPLOYER – Software engineers shall act in a manner that is in the best interests of their client and employer consistent with the public interest (contains 9 sub-clauses).
3 PRODUCT – Software engineers shall ensure that their products and related modifications meet the highest professional standards possible (contains 15 sub-clauses).
4 JUDGEMENT – Software engineers shall maintain integrity and independence in their professional judgement (contains 6 sub-clauses).
5 MANAGEMENT – Software engineering managers and leaders shall subscribe to and promote an ethical approach to the management of software development and maintenance (contains 12 sub-clauses).
6 PROFESSION – Software engineers shall advance the integrity and reputation of the profession consistent with the public interest (contains 13 sub-clauses).
7 COLLEAGUES – Software engineers shall be fair to and supportive of their colleagues (contains 8 sub-clauses).
8 SELF – Software engineers shall participate in life-long learning regarding the practice of their profession and shall promote an ethical approach to the practice of the profession (contains 9 sub-clauses).

### Copyright
Formal or legal recognition of ownership of the program

### Software license

| **commercial  software**                            | Shareware                                                    | Freeware                                                     |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Restricted use                                      | Users get free trial or limited  access for set time         | There is no fee                                              |
| Source code not provided                            | No access to the source code                                 | The software could still be  copyrighted                     |
| Anyone can purchase/download if  agree to the terms | At end of trial period, users may  have to pay or register to continue using software | Modification, re-distribution or  reverse engineering of the software without permission is prohibited |
| Limited number of installations  allowed            |                                                              |                                                              |
| Software key needed to install                      |                                                              |                                                              |

| Open Source                                                       | **Free** **software**                                                                                                                      |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| The source code is released with  the program                     | A license gives users freedom to  run, copy, distribute, study, change, and improve the software.                                          |
| Users can change / edit the  source code to suit their needs.     |                                                                                                                                            |
| Users can re-release the software  under the same terms           | any redistributed version of  software must be distributed with original terms of free use, modification,  and distribution (aka copyleft) |
| The software is (usually) free of  cost but may also need payment |                                                                                                                                            |

#### application of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

###### Image recognition
- Police identifying wanted people, Uses image recognition to identify features/characteristics/items in an image
###### Natural language interfaces
- Use speech recognition to identify words that are spoken and adapts to learn regional accents
###### Self-driving cars
- Detects its position on the road and within the traffic
- Follows a route // Collision avoidance // Self-parking etc.
###### Spoken Interfaces
- Use natural language processing to take a sentence and work out its meaning
###### Game playing
- Models characters in a computer game to allow computer characters to react according to the player's movements